Witt kernels and Brauer kernels for quartic extensions in characteristic two

Let $F$ be a field of characteristic $2$ and let $E/F$ be a field extension of degree $4$. We determine the kernel $W_q(E/F)$ of the restriction map $W_qF\to W_qE$ between the Witt groups of nondegenerate quadratic forms over $F$ and over $E$, completing earlier partial results by Ahmad, Baeza, Mammone and Moresi. We also deduct the corresponding result for the Witt kernel $W(E/F)$ of the restriction map $WF\to WE$ between the Witt rings of nondegenerate symmetric bilinear forms over $F$ and over $E$ from earlier results by the first author. As application, we describe the $2$-torsion part of the Brauer kernel for such extensions

Towards a Theory of Explanation and Prediction for the Formation of Trust in IT Artifacts

In this paper we argue that the predominant trust conceptualization in IS has a major weakness when researching trust in IT artifacts and that a theory of explanation and prediction for the formation of trust in IT artifacts is necessary to face the upcoming challenges. Thus, we motivate a trust conceptualization from the HCI discipline, and develop a formative measurement model for trust in IT artifacts to achieve deeper insights on the formation of trust. The results of our pre-study with 102 undergraduate students suggest that the new conceptualization is valueable for creating the desired insights on the formation of trust in IT artifacts. In an upcoming field experiment with about 250 users we expect to gain more detailed and reliable insights in the formation of trust in IT artifacts allowing us to derive a first theory of explanation and prediction for the formation of trust in IT artifacts

Qualidade sensorial de peras desidratadas.

O processo de desidratação de frutas pode levar ao escurecimento enzimático e não enzimático, o que reduz a qualidade e aceitação pelo consumidor. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a obtenção de peras desidratadas de elevada qualidade sensorial, especialmente quanto à coloração e crocância do produto elaborado.Resumo

Understanding the Formation of Trust in IT Artifacts

IT artifacts often take the role of a trustee in a trust relationship between users and IT artifacts. The goal of this paper is to increase the understanding of the formation of trust in such trust relationships. Instead of using the predominant theoretical foundation of interpersonal trust, we use the theoretical foundation of trust in automation from the HCI discipline for studying the formation of trust. Since we aim at creating insights on the formation of trust and its dimensions, we develop a formative first-order, formative second-order measurement model for trust. To evaluate the impact of the single indicators and dimensions on trust, we conduct a laboratory experiment. Our results show that the dimensions performance, process and purpose have a comparable impact on trust, and that indicators related to user data are especially important. The results complement existing insights, deepening the understanding of the formation of trust in IT artifacts

THE NEXT STEP – OPEN PROTOTYPING

Software applications in the car are gaining in importance as a driver for innovation and value creation for the car manufacturers and their suppliers. These novel software functions, e.g., mobile services or car-to-car enabled applications, are increasingly designed and developed using early prototypes. Building on open innovation literature, this paper goes beyond extant knowledge on prototyping and proposes a novel paradigm of ‘open prototyping’. It assumes that organizations can and should use external input as well as internal input in form of prototypes, as the firms look to advance their technology. Set in the empirical field of the automotive industry, we follow a design-oriented research approach to design, develop and evaluate an open prototyping approach consisting of a toolkit and process. The open prototyping toolkit, HIMEPP, has a component-oriented architecture. Combined with the open prototyping process, it supports the development of diagonal high-fidelity prototypes together with persons from outside the R&D department. The study allows for generalizations to other industries and points to significant managerial as well as academic implications, which can be expected from opening the next step of the innovation process